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+---
+UseTab: Always
+IndentWidth: 4
+TabWidth: 4
+# BasedOnStyle:  LLVM
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
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+build/
+tilite
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,675 @@
+                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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+
+  THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
+APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
+OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
+IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
+ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+  16. Limitation of Liability.
+
+  IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
+THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
+GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
+USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
+DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
+PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
+EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+  17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+  If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+
+    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
+might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
+
+  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
+may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
+the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.
+
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e796520
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+CC = cc
+
+PREFIX = /usr/local
+LIBS = -lX11 -lXinerama -lXcursor
+
+CPPFLAGS = -D_DEFAULT_SOURCE -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=700
+CFLAGS = -std=c99 -pedantic -Wall -Wextra -Os ${CPPFLAGS} -fdiagnostics-color=always -I/usr/X11R6/include
+LDFLAGS = ${LIBS} -L/usr/X11R6/lib
+
+SRC = src/tilite.c
+OBJ = build/tilite.o
+
+all: tilite
+
+build/tilite.o: src/tilite.c
+	mkdir -p build
+	${CC} -c ${CFLAGS} src/tilite.c -o build/tilite.o
+
+tilite: ${OBJ}
+	${CC} -o tilite ${OBJ} ${LDFLAGS}
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf build tilite
+
+install: all
+	mkdir -p ${PREFIX}/bin
+	cp -f tilite ${PREFIX}/bin/
+	chmod 755 ${PREFIX}/bin/tilite
+
+uninstall:
+	rm -f ${PREFIX}/bin/tilite
diff --git a/src/config.h b/src/config.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67e4cf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/config.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <X11/X.h>
+#include <X11/keysym.h>
+#include "defs.h"
+
+#define MODKEY Mod4Mask
+
+#define CFG_FOCUSED_BORDER_COL   "#89B4FA"
+#define CFG_UNFOCUSED_BORDER_COL "#1E1E2E"
+#define CFG_SWAP_BORDER_COL      "#1E1E2E"
+
+#define CFG_GAPS                5
+#define CFG_BORDER_WIDTH        3
+#define CFG_MASTER_WIDTH        0.70f
+#define CFG_RESIZE_MASTER_AMT   1
+#define CFG_RESIZE_STACK_AMT    20
+#define CFG_MOVE_WINDOW_AMT     50
+#define CFG_RESIZE_WINDOW_AMT   50
+#define CFG_SNAP_DISTANCE       5
+#define CFG_MOTION_THROTTLE     60
+#define CFG_NEW_WIN_FOCUS       True
+#define CFG_WARP_CURSOR         True
+#define CFG_FLOATING_ON_TOP     True
+#define CFG_NEW_WIN_MASTER      False
+
+#define CFG_BINDS \
+    /* Application launchers */ \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_Return, 0, { .cmd = build_argv("kitty") },                                            TYPE_CMD  }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_w,      0, { .cmd = build_argv("surf ecosia.org") },                                  TYPE_CMD  }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_space,  0, { .cmd = build_argv("dmenu_run") },                                        TYPE_CMD  }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_equal,  0, { .cmd = build_argv("pactl set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ +5%") },         TYPE_CMD  }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_minus,  0, { .cmd = build_argv("pactl set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ -5%") },         TYPE_CMD  }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_0,      0, { .cmd = build_argv("pactl set-sink-mute @DEFAULT_SINK@ toggle") },        TYPE_CMD  }, \
+    /* Window management */ \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_q,      0, { .fn = close_focused    }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask,      XK_e,      0, { .fn = quit             }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_m,      0, { .fn = toggle_monocle   }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    /* Focus */ \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_j,      0, { .fn = focus_next       }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_k,      0, { .fn = focus_prev       }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    /* Master/stack movement */ \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask,      XK_j,      0, { .fn = move_master_next  }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask,      XK_k,      0, { .fn = move_master_prev  }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    /* Master resize */ \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_l,      0, { .fn = resize_master_add }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_h,      0, { .fn = resize_master_sub }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    /* Stack resize */ \
+    { MODKEY|ControlMask,    XK_l,      0, { .fn = resize_stack_add  }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY|ControlMask,    XK_h,      0, { .fn = resize_stack_sub  }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    /* Keyboard window movement */ \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_Up,     0, { .fn = move_win_up       }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_Down,   0, { .fn = move_win_down     }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_Left,   0, { .fn = move_win_left     }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_Right,  0, { .fn = move_win_right    }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    /* Keyboard window resize */ \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask,      XK_Up,     0, { .fn = resize_win_up     }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask,      XK_Down,   0, { .fn = resize_win_down   }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask,      XK_Left,   0, { .fn = resize_win_left   }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask,      XK_Right,  0, { .fn = resize_win_right  }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    /* Floating / fullscreen */ \
+    { MODKEY,                XK_f,      0, { .fn = toggle_floating        }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask,      XK_space,  0, { .fn = toggle_floating_global }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask,      XK_f,      0, { .fn = toggle_fullscreen      }, TYPE_FUNC }, \
+    /* Workspaces 1–9 */ \
+    { MODKEY,           XK_1, 0, { .ws = 0 }, TYPE_WS_CHANGE }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_1, 0, { .ws = 0 }, TYPE_WS_MOVE   }, \
+    { MODKEY,           XK_2, 0, { .ws = 1 }, TYPE_WS_CHANGE }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_2, 0, { .ws = 1 }, TYPE_WS_MOVE   }, \
+    { MODKEY,           XK_3, 0, { .ws = 2 }, TYPE_WS_CHANGE }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_3, 0, { .ws = 2 }, TYPE_WS_MOVE   }, \
+    { MODKEY,           XK_4, 0, { .ws = 3 }, TYPE_WS_CHANGE }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_4, 0, { .ws = 3 }, TYPE_WS_MOVE   }, \
+    { MODKEY,           XK_5, 0, { .ws = 4 }, TYPE_WS_CHANGE }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_5, 0, { .ws = 4 }, TYPE_WS_MOVE   }, \
+    { MODKEY,           XK_6, 0, { .ws = 5 }, TYPE_WS_CHANGE }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_6, 0, { .ws = 5 }, TYPE_WS_MOVE   }, \
+    { MODKEY,           XK_7, 0, { .ws = 6 }, TYPE_WS_CHANGE }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_7, 0, { .ws = 6 }, TYPE_WS_MOVE   }, \
+    { MODKEY,           XK_8, 0, { .ws = 7 }, TYPE_WS_CHANGE }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_8, 0, { .ws = 7 }, TYPE_WS_MOVE   }, \
+    { MODKEY,           XK_9, 0, { .ws = 8 }, TYPE_WS_CHANGE }, \
+    { MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_9, 0, { .ws = 8 }, TYPE_WS_MOVE   },
diff --git a/src/defs.h b/src/defs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95c3ea1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/defs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <X11/Xlib.h>
+#define VERSION "tilite ver. 1.0"
+#define AUTHOR "(C) Lance Borden 2026"
+#define LICENSE "Licensed under the GPL v3.0"
+
+#define MF_MIN 0.05f
+#define MF_MAX 0.95f
+#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
+#define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
+#define UDIST(a, b) abs((int)(a) - (int)(b))
+#define CLAMP(x, lo, hi) (((x) < (lo)) ? (lo) : ((x) > (hi)) ? (hi) : (x))
+
+#define MAX_BINDS 256
+#define MAX_CLIENTS 99
+#define MAX_SCRATCHPADS 32
+#define MAX_ITEMS 256
+#define MIN_WINDOW_SIZE 20
+#define PATH_MAX 4096
+
+/* workspaces */
+#define TYPE_WS_CHANGE 0
+#define TYPE_WS_MOVE 1
+/* fn/cmd */
+#define TYPE_FUNC 2
+#define TYPE_CMD 3
+
+#define NUM_WORKSPACES 9
+#define WORKSPACE_NAMES                                                        \
+	"1"                                                                        \
+	"\0"                                                                       \
+	"2"                                                                        \
+	"\0"                                                                       \
+	"3"                                                                        \
+	"\0"                                                                       \
+	"4"                                                                        \
+	"\0"                                                                       \
+	"5"                                                                        \
+	"\0"                                                                       \
+	"6"                                                                        \
+	"\0"                                                                       \
+	"7"                                                                        \
+	"\0"                                                                       \
+	"8"                                                                        \
+	"\0"                                                                       \
+	"9"                                                                        \
+	"\0"
+
+typedef enum { DRAG_NONE, DRAG_MOVE, DRAG_RESIZE, DRAG_SWAP } DragMode;
+typedef void (*event_t)(XEvent *);
+
+typedef union {
+	const char **cmd;
+	void (*fn)(void);
+	int ws;
+} action_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+	int mods;
+	KeySym keysym;
+	KeyCode keycode;
+	action_t action;
+	int type;
+} binding_t;
+
+typedef struct client_t {
+	Window win;
+	int x, y, w, h;
+	int orig_x, orig_y, orig_w, orig_h;
+	int custom_stack_height;
+	int ws;
+	Bool fixed;
+	Bool floating;
+	Bool fullscreen;
+	Bool mapped;
+	pid_t pid;
+	struct client_t *next;
+} client_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+	int modkey;
+	int gaps;
+	int border_width;
+	long border_foc_col;
+	long border_ufoc_col;
+	long border_swap_col;
+	float master_width;
+	int motion_throttle;
+	int resize_master_amt;
+	int resize_stack_amt;
+	int snap_distance;
+	int n_binds;
+	int move_window_amt;
+	int resize_window_amt;
+	Bool new_win_focus;
+	Bool warp_cursor;
+	Bool floating_on_top;
+	Bool new_win_master;
+	binding_t binds[MAX_ITEMS];
+	char *to_run[MAX_ITEMS];
+} config_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+	const char *name;
+	void (*fn)(void);
+} command_t;
+
+typedef enum {
+	ATOM_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW,
+	ATOM_NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP,
+	ATOM_NET_SUPPORTED,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_STATE,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN,
+	ATOM_WM_STATE,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE,
+	ATOM_NET_WORKAREA,
+	ATOM_WM_DELETE_WINDOW,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_STRUT,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL,
+	ATOM_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_NAME,
+	ATOM_UTF8_STRING,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_DESKTOP,
+	ATOM_NET_CLIENT_LIST,
+	ATOM_NET_FRAME_EXTENTS,
+	ATOM_NET_NUMBER_OF_DESKTOPS,
+	ATOM_NET_DESKTOP_NAMES,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_PID,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_POPUP_MENU,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_MENU,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DROPDOWN_MENU,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLTIP,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NOTIFICATION,
+	ATOM_NET_WM_STATE_MODAL,
+	ATOM_WM_PROTOCOLS,
+	ATOM_COUNT
+} atom_type_t;
+
+const char **build_argv(const char *cmd);
+client_t *add_client(Window w, int ws);
+void apply_fullscreen(client_t *c, Bool on);
+void change_workspace(int ws);
+int check_parent(pid_t p, pid_t c);
+int clean_mask(int mask);
+void close_focused(void);
+client_t *find_client(Window w);
+Window find_toplevel(Window w);
+void focus_next(void);
+void focus_prev(void);
+pid_t get_parent_process(pid_t c);
+pid_t get_pid(Window w);
+int get_workspace_for_window(Window w);
+void grab_button(Mask button, Mask mod, Window w, Bool owner_events,
+				 Mask masks);
+void grab_keys(void);
+void hdl_button(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_button_release(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_client_msg(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_config_ntf(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_config_req(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_dummy(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_destroy_ntf(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_keypress(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_mapping_ntf(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_map_req(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_motion(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_property_ntf(XEvent *xev);
+void hdl_unmap_ntf(XEvent *xev);
+void init_defaults(void);
+Bool is_child_proc(pid_t pid1, pid_t pid2);
+void move_master_next(void);
+void move_master_prev(void);
+void move_to_workspace(int ws);
+void move_win_down(void);
+void move_win_left(void);
+void move_win_right(void);
+void move_win_up(void);
+void other_wm(void);
+int other_wm_err(Display *d, XErrorEvent *ee);
+long parse_col(const char *hex);
+void quit(void);
+void resize_master_add(void);
+void resize_master_sub(void);
+void resize_stack_add(void);
+void resize_stack_sub(void);
+void resize_win_down(void);
+void resize_win_left(void);
+void resize_win_right(void);
+void resize_win_up(void);
+void run(void);
+void scan_existing_windows(void);
+void select_input(Window w, Mask masks);
+void send_wm_take_focus(Window w);
+void setup(void);
+void setup_atoms(void);
+void set_frame_extents(Window w);
+void set_input_focus(client_t *c, Bool raise_win, Bool warp);
+void set_wm_state(Window w, long state);
+int snap_coordinate(int pos, int size, int screen_size, int snap_dist);
+void spawn(const char *const *argv);
+void swap_clients(client_t *a, client_t *b);
+void tile(void);
+void toggle_floating(void);
+void toggle_floating_global(void);
+void toggle_fullscreen(void);
+void toggle_monocle(void);
+void update_borders(void);
+void update_client_desktop_properties(void);
+void update_modifier_masks(void);
+void update_net_client_list(void);
+void update_struts(void);
+void update_workarea(void);
+void warp_cursor(client_t *c);
+Bool window_has_ewmh_state(Window w, Atom state);
+void window_set_ewmh_state(Window w, Atom state, Bool add);
+int xerr(Display *d, XErrorEvent *ee);
+void xev_case(XEvent *xev);
diff --git a/src/tilite.c b/src/tilite.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46f3112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tilite.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2503 @@
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <X11/X.h>
+#include <X11/Xatom.h>
+#include <X11/Xlib.h>
+#include <X11/Xproto.h>
+#include <X11/Xutil.h>
+#include <X11/keysym.h>
+
+#include <X11/Xcursor/Xcursor.h>
+#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
+
+#include "config.h"
+#include "defs.h"
+
+static Atom atoms[ATOM_COUNT];
+static const char *atom_names[ATOM_COUNT] = {
+	[ATOM_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW] = "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW",
+	[ATOM_NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP] = "_NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP",
+	[ATOM_NET_SUPPORTED] = "_NET_SUPPORTED",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE] = "_NET_WM_STATE",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN] = "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN",
+	[ATOM_WM_STATE] = "WM_STATE",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE",
+	[ATOM_NET_WORKAREA] = "_NET_WORKAREA",
+	[ATOM_WM_DELETE_WINDOW] = "WM_DELETE_WINDOW",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_STRUT] = "_NET_WM_STRUT",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL] = "_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL",
+	[ATOM_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK] = "_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_NAME] = "_NET_WM_NAME",
+	[ATOM_UTF8_STRING] = "UTF8_STRING",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_DESKTOP] = "_NET_WM_DESKTOP",
+	[ATOM_NET_CLIENT_LIST] = "_NET_CLIENT_LIST",
+	[ATOM_NET_FRAME_EXTENTS] = "_NET_FRAME_EXTENTS",
+	[ATOM_NET_NUMBER_OF_DESKTOPS] = "_NET_NUMBER_OF_DESKTOPS",
+	[ATOM_NET_DESKTOP_NAMES] = "_NET_DESKTOP_NAMES",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_PID] = "_NET_WM_PID",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_POPUP_MENU] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_POPUP_MENU",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_MENU] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_MENU",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DROPDOWN_MENU] =
+		"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DROPDOWN_MENU",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLTIP] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLTIP",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NOTIFICATION] = "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NOTIFICATION",
+	[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE_MODAL] = "_NET_WM_STATE_MODAL",
+	[ATOM_WM_PROTOCOLS] = "WM_PROTOCOLS",
+};
+
+Cursor cursor_normal;
+Cursor cursor_move;
+Cursor cursor_resize;
+
+client_t *workspaces[NUM_WORKSPACES] = {NULL};
+config_t user_config;
+DragMode drag_mode = DRAG_NONE;
+client_t *drag_client = NULL;
+client_t *swap_target = NULL;
+client_t *focused = NULL;
+client_t *ws_focused[NUM_WORKSPACES] = {NULL};
+event_t evtable[LASTEvent];
+Display *dpy;
+Window root;
+Window wm_check_win;
+int current_ws = 0;
+long last_motion_time = 0;
+Bool global_floating = False;
+Bool in_ws_switch = False;
+Bool running = False;
+Bool monocle = False;
+
+Mask numlock_mask = 0;
+Mask mode_switch_mask = 0;
+
+int scr_width;
+int scr_height;
+int open_windows = 0;
+int drag_start_x, drag_start_y;
+int drag_orig_x, drag_orig_y, drag_orig_w, drag_orig_h;
+
+int reserve_left = 0;
+int reserve_right = 0;
+int reserve_top = 0;
+int reserve_bottom = 0;
+
+static char **split_cmd(const char *cmd, int *out_argc) {
+	enum { NORMAL, IN_QUOTE } state = NORMAL;
+	size_t cap = 8, argc = 0, toklen = 0;
+	char *token = malloc(strlen(cmd) + 1);
+	char **argv = malloc(cap * sizeof *argv);
+
+	if (!token || !argv)
+		goto err;
+
+	for (const char *p = cmd; *p; p++) {
+		if (state == NORMAL && isspace((unsigned char)*p)) {
+			if (toklen) {
+				token[toklen] = '\0';
+				if (argc + 1 >= cap) {
+					cap *= 2;
+					char **tmp = realloc(argv, cap * sizeof *argv);
+					if (!tmp)
+						goto err;
+
+					argv = tmp;
+				}
+				argv[argc++] = strdup(token);
+				toklen = 0;
+			}
+		} else if (*p == '"')
+			state = (state == NORMAL) ? IN_QUOTE : NORMAL;
+		else if (*p == '\'')
+			state = (state == NORMAL) ? IN_QUOTE : NORMAL;
+		else
+			token[toklen++] = *p;
+	}
+
+	if (toklen) {
+		token[toklen] = '\0';
+		argv[argc++] = strdup(token);
+	}
+	argv[argc] = NULL;
+	*out_argc = argc;
+	free(token);
+	return argv;
+
+err:
+	free(token);
+	if (argv) {
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+			free(argv[i]);
+		free(argv);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+const char **build_argv(const char *cmd) {
+	int argc = 0;
+	char **tmp = split_cmd(cmd, &argc);
+	if (!tmp)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return (const char **)tmp;
+}
+
+static void load_config(void) {
+	/* scalar values */
+	user_config.modkey = MODKEY;
+	user_config.gaps = CFG_GAPS;
+	user_config.border_width = CFG_BORDER_WIDTH;
+	user_config.master_width = CFG_MASTER_WIDTH;
+	user_config.resize_master_amt = CFG_RESIZE_MASTER_AMT;
+	user_config.resize_stack_amt = CFG_RESIZE_STACK_AMT;
+	user_config.move_window_amt = CFG_MOVE_WINDOW_AMT;
+	user_config.resize_window_amt = CFG_RESIZE_WINDOW_AMT;
+	user_config.snap_distance = CFG_SNAP_DISTANCE;
+	user_config.motion_throttle = CFG_MOTION_THROTTLE;
+	user_config.new_win_focus = CFG_NEW_WIN_FOCUS;
+	user_config.warp_cursor = CFG_WARP_CURSOR;
+	user_config.floating_on_top = CFG_FLOATING_ON_TOP;
+	user_config.new_win_master = CFG_NEW_WIN_MASTER;
+
+	/* colours — parse_col needs dpy to be open, so call after XOpenDisplay */
+	user_config.border_foc_col = parse_col(CFG_FOCUSED_BORDER_COL);
+	user_config.border_ufoc_col = parse_col(CFG_UNFOCUSED_BORDER_COL);
+	user_config.border_swap_col = parse_col(CFG_SWAP_BORDER_COL);
+
+	/* keybinds */
+	binding_t binds[] = {CFG_BINDS};
+	user_config.n_binds = (int)(sizeof(binds) / sizeof(binds[0]));
+	for (int i = 0; i < user_config.n_binds; i++)
+		user_config.binds[i] = binds[i];
+}
+
+client_t *add_client(Window w, int ws) {
+	client_t *c = malloc(sizeof(client_t));
+	if (!c) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "tilite: could not alloc memory for client\n");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	c->win = w;
+	c->next = NULL;
+	c->ws = ws;
+	c->pid = get_pid(w);
+
+	if (!workspaces[ws]) {
+		workspaces[ws] = c;
+	} else {
+		if (user_config.new_win_master) {
+			c->next = workspaces[ws];
+			workspaces[ws] = c;
+		} else {
+			client_t *tail = workspaces[ws];
+			while (tail->next)
+				tail = tail->next;
+			tail->next = c;
+		}
+	}
+	open_windows++;
+
+	/* subscribing to certain events */
+	Mask window_masks = EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | FocusChangeMask |
+						PropertyChangeMask | StructureNotifyMask |
+						ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask | PointerMotionMask;
+	select_input(w, window_masks);
+	grab_button(Button1, None, w, False, ButtonPressMask);
+	grab_button(Button1, user_config.modkey, w, False, ButtonPressMask);
+	grab_button(Button1, user_config.modkey | ShiftMask, w, False,
+				ButtonPressMask);
+	grab_button(Button3, user_config.modkey, w, False, ButtonPressMask);
+
+	/* allow for more graceful exitting */
+	Atom protos[] = {atoms[ATOM_WM_DELETE_WINDOW]};
+	XSetWMProtocols(dpy, w, protos, 1);
+
+	XWindowAttributes wa;
+	XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, w, &wa);
+	c->x = wa.x;
+	c->y = wa.y;
+	c->w = wa.width;
+	c->h = wa.height;
+
+	/* set client defaults */
+	c->fixed = False;
+	c->floating = False;
+	c->fullscreen = False;
+	c->mapped = True;
+	c->custom_stack_height = 0;
+
+	if (global_floating)
+		c->floating = True;
+
+	/* remember first created client per workspace as a fallback */
+	if (!ws_focused[ws])
+		ws_focused[ws] = c;
+
+	if (ws == current_ws && !focused) {
+		focused = c;
+	}
+
+	/* associate client with workspace n */
+	long desktop = ws;
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_DESKTOP], XA_CARDINAL, 32,
+					PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&desktop, 1);
+	XRaiseWindow(dpy, w);
+	return c;
+}
+
+void apply_fullscreen(client_t *c, Bool on) {
+	if (!c || !c->mapped || c->fullscreen == on)
+		return;
+
+	if (on) {
+		XWindowAttributes win_attr;
+		if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, c->win, &win_attr))
+			return;
+
+		c->orig_x = win_attr.x;
+		c->orig_y = win_attr.y;
+		c->orig_w = win_attr.width;
+		c->orig_h = win_attr.height;
+
+		c->fullscreen = True;
+
+		XSetWindowBorderWidth(dpy, c->win, 0);
+		XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, 0, 0, scr_width, scr_height);
+
+		c->x = 0;
+		c->y = 0;
+		c->w = scr_width;
+		c->h = scr_height;
+
+		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
+		window_set_ewmh_state(c->win, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN],
+							  True);
+	} else {
+		c->fullscreen = False;
+
+		/* restore win attributes */
+		XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->orig_x, c->orig_y, c->orig_w,
+						  c->orig_h);
+		XSetWindowBorderWidth(dpy, c->win, user_config.border_width);
+		window_set_ewmh_state(c->win, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN],
+							  False);
+
+		c->x = c->orig_x;
+		c->y = c->orig_y;
+		c->w = c->orig_w;
+		c->h = c->orig_h;
+
+		tile();
+		update_borders();
+	}
+}
+
+void change_workspace(int ws) {
+	if (ws >= NUM_WORKSPACES || ws == current_ws)
+		return;
+
+	/* remember last focus for workspace we are leaving */
+	ws_focused[current_ws] = focused;
+
+	in_ws_switch = True;
+	XGrabServer(dpy); /* freeze rendering for tearless switching */
+
+	for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+		if (c->mapped) {
+			XUnmapWindow(dpy, c->win);
+		}
+	}
+
+	current_ws = ws;
+	for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+		if (c->mapped) {
+			XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
+		}
+	}
+
+	tile();
+
+	/* restore last focused client for this workspace */
+	focused = ws_focused[current_ws];
+
+	if (focused) {
+		client_t *found = NULL;
+		for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+			if (c == focused && c->mapped) {
+				found = c;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!found)
+			focused = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (!focused && workspaces[current_ws]) {
+		for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+			if (!c->mapped)
+				continue;
+			if (!focused)
+				focused = c;
+		}
+	}
+
+	set_input_focus(focused, False, True);
+
+	long current_desktop = current_ws;
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP], XA_CARDINAL, 32,
+					PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&current_desktop, 1);
+	update_client_desktop_properties();
+
+	XUngrabServer(dpy);
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+	in_ws_switch = False;
+}
+
+int check_parent(pid_t p, pid_t c) {
+	while (p != c && c != 0) /* walk proc tree until parent found */
+		c = get_parent_process(c);
+
+	return (int)c;
+}
+
+int clean_mask(int mask) {
+	return mask & ~(LockMask | numlock_mask | mode_switch_mask);
+}
+
+void close_focused(void) {
+	if (!focused)
+		return;
+
+	Atom *protocols;
+	int n_protocols;
+	/* get number of protocols a window possesses and check if any ==
+	 * WM_DELETE_WINDOW (supports it) */
+	if (XGetWMProtocols(dpy, focused->win, &protocols, &n_protocols) &&
+		protocols) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < n_protocols; i++) {
+			if (protocols[i] == atoms[ATOM_WM_DELETE_WINDOW]) {
+				XEvent ev = {
+					.xclient = {.type = ClientMessage,
+								.window = focused->win,
+								.message_type = atoms[ATOM_WM_PROTOCOLS],
+								.format = 32}};
+
+				ev.xclient.data.l[0] = atoms[ATOM_WM_DELETE_WINDOW];
+				ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
+				XSendEvent(dpy, focused->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
+				XFree(protocols);
+				return;
+			}
+		}
+		XUnmapWindow(dpy, focused->win);
+		XFree(protocols);
+	}
+	XUnmapWindow(dpy, focused->win);
+	XKillClient(dpy, focused->win);
+}
+
+client_t *find_client(Window w) {
+	for (int ws = 0; ws < NUM_WORKSPACES; ws++)
+		for (client_t *c = workspaces[ws]; c; c = c->next)
+			if (c->win == w)
+				return c;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+Window find_toplevel(Window w) {
+	if (!w || w == None)
+		return root;
+
+	Window root_win = None;
+	Window parent;
+	Window *kids;
+	unsigned n_kids;
+
+	while (True) {
+		if (w == root_win)
+			break;
+		if (XQueryTree(dpy, w, &root_win, &parent, &kids, &n_kids) == 0)
+			break;
+		if (kids)
+			XFree(kids);
+		if (parent == root_win || parent == None)
+			break;
+		w = parent;
+	}
+	return w;
+}
+
+void focus_next(void) {
+	if (!workspaces[current_ws])
+		return;
+
+	client_t *start = focused ? focused : workspaces[current_ws];
+	client_t *c = start;
+
+	/* loop until we find a mapped client or return to start */
+	do
+		c = c->next ? c->next : workspaces[current_ws];
+	while (!c->mapped && c != start);
+
+	/* if we return to start: */
+	if (!c->mapped)
+		return;
+
+	focused = c;
+	set_input_focus(focused, True, True);
+}
+
+void focus_prev(void) {
+	if (!workspaces[current_ws])
+		return;
+
+	client_t *start = focused ? focused : workspaces[current_ws];
+	client_t *c = start;
+
+	/* loop until we find a mapped client or return to starting point */
+	do {
+		client_t *p = workspaces[current_ws];
+		client_t *prev = NULL;
+		while (p && p != c) {
+			prev = p;
+			p = p->next;
+		}
+
+		if (prev) {
+			c = prev;
+		} else {
+			/* wrap to tail */
+			p = workspaces[current_ws];
+			while (p->next)
+				p = p->next;
+			c = p;
+		}
+	} while (!c->mapped && c != start);
+
+	/* this stops invisible windows being detected or focused */
+	if (!c->mapped)
+		return;
+
+	focused = c;
+	set_input_focus(focused, True, True);
+}
+
+pid_t get_parent_process(pid_t c) {
+	pid_t v = -1;
+	FILE *f;
+	char buf[256];
+
+	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/proc/%u/stat", (unsigned)c);
+	if (!(f = fopen(buf, "r")))
+		return 0;
+
+	int no_error = fscanf(f, "%*u %*s %*c %d", &v);
+	(void)no_error;
+	fclose(f);
+	return (pid_t)v;
+}
+
+pid_t get_pid(Window w) {
+	pid_t pid = 0;
+	Atom actual_type;
+	int actual_format;
+	unsigned long n_items, bytes_after;
+	unsigned char *prop = NULL;
+
+	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_PID], 0, 1, False,
+						   XA_CARDINAL, &actual_type, &actual_format, &n_items,
+						   &bytes_after, &prop) == Success &&
+		prop) {
+		if (actual_format == 32 && n_items == 1)
+			pid = *(pid_t *)prop;
+		XFree(prop);
+	}
+	return pid;
+}
+
+int get_workspace_for_window(Window w) {
+	XClassHint ch = {0};
+	if (!XGetClassHint(dpy, w, &ch))
+		return current_ws;
+
+	XFree(ch.res_class);
+	XFree(ch.res_name);
+
+	return current_ws; /* default */
+}
+
+void grab_button(Mask button, Mask mod, Window w, Bool owner_events,
+				 Mask masks) {
+	if (w == root) /* grabbing for wm */
+		XGrabButton(dpy, button, mod, w, owner_events, masks, GrabModeAsync,
+					GrabModeAsync, None, None);
+	else /* grabbing for windows */
+		XGrabButton(dpy, button, mod, w, owner_events, masks, GrabModeSync,
+					GrabModeAsync, None, None);
+}
+
+void grab_keys(void) {
+	Mask guards[] = {0,
+					 LockMask,
+					 numlock_mask,
+					 LockMask | numlock_mask,
+					 mode_switch_mask,
+					 LockMask | mode_switch_mask,
+					 numlock_mask | mode_switch_mask,
+					 LockMask | numlock_mask | mode_switch_mask};
+	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < user_config.n_binds; i++) {
+		binding_t *bind = &user_config.binds[i];
+
+		if ((bind->type == TYPE_WS_CHANGE &&
+			 bind->mods != user_config.modkey) ||
+			(bind->type == TYPE_WS_MOVE &&
+			 bind->mods != (user_config.modkey | ShiftMask))) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		bind->keycode = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, bind->keysym);
+		if (!bind->keycode)
+			continue;
+
+		for (size_t guard = 0; guard < sizeof(guards) / sizeof(guards[0]);
+			 guard++) {
+			XGrabKey(dpy, bind->keycode, bind->mods | guards[guard], root, True,
+					 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void hdl_button(XEvent *xev) {
+	XButtonEvent *xbutton = &xev->xbutton;
+	Window w =
+		(xbutton->subwindow != None) ? xbutton->subwindow : xbutton->window;
+	w = find_toplevel(w);
+
+	Mask left_click = Button1;
+	Mask right_click = Button3;
+
+	XAllowEvents(dpy, ReplayPointer, xbutton->time);
+	if (!w)
+		return;
+
+	client_t *head = workspaces[current_ws];
+	for (client_t *c = head; c; c = c->next) {
+		if (c->win != w)
+			continue;
+
+		Bool is_swap_mode = (xbutton->state & user_config.modkey) &&
+							(xbutton->state & ShiftMask) &&
+							xbutton->button == left_click && !c->floating;
+		if (is_swap_mode) {
+			drag_client = c;
+			drag_start_x = xbutton->x_root;
+			drag_start_y = xbutton->y_root;
+			drag_orig_x = c->x;
+			drag_orig_y = c->y;
+			drag_orig_w = c->w;
+			drag_orig_h = c->h;
+			drag_mode = DRAG_SWAP;
+			XGrabPointer(dpy, root, True, ButtonReleaseMask | PointerMotionMask,
+						 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, None, cursor_move,
+						 CurrentTime);
+			focused = c;
+			set_input_focus(focused, False, False);
+			XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, user_config.border_swap_col);
+			return;
+		}
+
+		Bool is_move_resize =
+			(xbutton->state & user_config.modkey) &&
+			(xbutton->button == left_click || xbutton->button == right_click) &&
+			!c->floating;
+		if (is_move_resize) {
+			focused = c;
+			toggle_floating();
+		}
+
+		Bool is_single_click = !(xbutton->state & user_config.modkey) &&
+							   xbutton->button == left_click;
+		if (is_single_click) {
+			focused = c;
+			set_input_focus(focused, True, False);
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (!c->floating)
+			return;
+
+		if (c->fixed && xbutton->button == right_click)
+			return;
+
+		Cursor cursor =
+			(xbutton->button == left_click) ? cursor_move : cursor_resize;
+		XGrabPointer(dpy, root, True, ButtonReleaseMask | PointerMotionMask,
+					 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, None, cursor, CurrentTime);
+
+		drag_client = c;
+		drag_start_x = xbutton->x_root;
+		drag_start_y = xbutton->y_root;
+		drag_orig_x = c->x;
+		drag_orig_y = c->y;
+		drag_orig_w = c->w;
+		drag_orig_h = c->h;
+		drag_mode = (xbutton->button == left_click) ? DRAG_MOVE : DRAG_RESIZE;
+		focused = c;
+
+		set_input_focus(focused, True, False);
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+void hdl_button_release(XEvent *xev) {
+	(void)xev;
+
+	if (drag_mode == DRAG_SWAP) {
+		if (swap_target) {
+			XSetWindowBorder(dpy, swap_target->win,
+							 (swap_target == focused
+								  ? user_config.border_foc_col
+								  : user_config.border_ufoc_col));
+			swap_clients(drag_client, swap_target);
+		}
+		tile();
+		update_borders();
+	}
+
+	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
+
+	drag_mode = DRAG_NONE;
+	drag_client = NULL;
+	swap_target = NULL;
+}
+
+void hdl_client_msg(XEvent *xev) {
+	if (xev->xclient.message_type == atoms[ATOM_NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP]) {
+		int ws = (int)xev->xclient.data.l[0];
+		change_workspace(ws);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (xev->xclient.message_type == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE]) {
+		XClientMessageEvent *client_msg_ev = &xev->xclient;
+		Window w = client_msg_ev->window;
+		client_t *c = find_client(find_toplevel(w));
+		if (!c)
+			return;
+
+		/* 0=remove, 1=add, 2=toggle */
+		long action = client_msg_ev->data.l[0];
+		Atom a1 = (Atom)client_msg_ev->data.l[1];
+		Atom a2 = (Atom)client_msg_ev->data.l[2];
+
+		Atom state_atoms[2] = {a1, a2};
+		for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+			if (state_atoms[i] == None)
+				continue;
+
+			if (state_atoms[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN]) {
+				Bool want = c->fullscreen;
+				if (action == 0)
+					want = False;
+				else if (action == 1)
+					want = True;
+				else if (action == 2)
+					want = !want;
+
+				apply_fullscreen(c, want);
+
+				if (want)
+					XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
+			}
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+void hdl_config_ntf(XEvent *xev) {
+	if (xev->xconfigure.window == root) {
+		tile();
+		update_borders();
+	}
+}
+
+void hdl_config_req(XEvent *xev) {
+	XConfigureRequestEvent *config_ev = &xev->xconfigurerequest;
+	client_t *c = NULL;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < NUM_WORKSPACES && !c; i++)
+		for (c = workspaces[i]; c; c = c->next)
+			if (c->win == config_ev->window)
+				break;
+
+	if (!c || c->floating || c->fullscreen) {
+		/* allow client to configure itself */
+		XWindowChanges wc = {.x = config_ev->x,
+							 .y = config_ev->y,
+							 .width = config_ev->width,
+							 .height = config_ev->height,
+							 .border_width = config_ev->border_width,
+							 .sibling = config_ev->above,
+							 .stack_mode = config_ev->detail};
+		XConfigureWindow(dpy, config_ev->window, config_ev->value_mask, &wc);
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+void hdl_dummy(XEvent *xev) { (void)xev; }
+
+void hdl_destroy_ntf(XEvent *xev) {
+	Window w = xev->xdestroywindow.window;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < NUM_WORKSPACES; i++) {
+		client_t *prev = NULL;
+		client_t *c = workspaces[i];
+
+		while (c && c->win != w) {
+			prev = c;
+			c = c->next;
+		}
+
+		if (!c)
+			continue;
+
+		for (int ws = 0; ws < NUM_WORKSPACES; ws++)
+			if (ws_focused[ws] == c)
+				ws_focused[ws] = NULL;
+
+		if (focused == c)
+			focused = NULL;
+
+		/* unlink from workspace list */
+		if (!prev)
+			workspaces[i] = c->next;
+		else
+			prev->next = c->next;
+
+		free(c);
+		update_net_client_list();
+		open_windows--;
+
+		if (i == current_ws) {
+			tile();
+			update_borders();
+
+			/* prefer previous window else next */
+			client_t *foc_new = NULL;
+			if (prev && prev->mapped)
+				foc_new = prev;
+			else {
+				for (client_t *p = workspaces[i]; p; p = p->next) {
+					if (!p->mapped)
+						continue;
+					foc_new = p;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (foc_new)
+				set_input_focus(foc_new, True, True);
+			else
+				set_input_focus(NULL, False, False);
+		}
+
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+void hdl_keypress(XEvent *xev) {
+	KeyCode code = xev->xkey.keycode;
+	int mods = clean_mask(xev->xkey.state);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < user_config.n_binds; i++) {
+		binding_t *bind = &user_config.binds[i];
+		if (bind->keycode == code && clean_mask(bind->mods) == mods) {
+			switch (bind->type) {
+			case TYPE_CMD:
+				spawn(bind->action.cmd);
+				break;
+			case TYPE_FUNC:
+				if (bind->action.fn)
+					bind->action.fn();
+				break;
+			case TYPE_WS_CHANGE:
+				change_workspace(bind->action.ws);
+				update_net_client_list();
+				break;
+			case TYPE_WS_MOVE:
+				move_to_workspace(bind->action.ws);
+				update_net_client_list();
+				break;
+			}
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void hdl_mapping_ntf(XEvent *xev) {
+	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(&xev->xmapping);
+	update_modifier_masks();
+	grab_keys();
+}
+
+void hdl_map_req(XEvent *xev) {
+	Window w = xev->xmaprequest.window;
+	XWindowAttributes win_attr;
+
+	if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, w, &win_attr))
+		return;
+
+	/* skips invisible windows */
+	if (win_attr.override_redirect || win_attr.width <= 0 ||
+		win_attr.height <= 0) {
+		XMapWindow(dpy, w);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* check if this window is already managed on any workspace */
+	client_t *c = find_client(w);
+	if (c) {
+		if (c->ws == current_ws) {
+			if (!c->mapped) {
+				XMapWindow(dpy, w);
+				c->mapped = True;
+			}
+			if (user_config.new_win_focus) {
+				focused = c;
+				set_input_focus(c, True, True);
+				return; /* set_input_focus already calls update_borders */
+			}
+			update_borders();
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+
+	Atom type;
+	int format;
+	unsigned long n_items, after;
+	Atom *types = NULL;
+	Bool should_float = False;
+
+	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE], 0, 4, False,
+						   XA_ATOM, &type, &format, &n_items, &after,
+						   (unsigned char **)&types) == Success &&
+		types) {
+
+		for (unsigned long i = 0; i < n_items; i++) {
+			if (types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK]) {
+				XFree(types);
+				XMapWindow(dpy, w);
+				return;
+			}
+
+			if (types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY] ||
+				types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG] ||
+				types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR] ||
+				types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH] ||
+				types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_POPUP_MENU] ||
+				types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DROPDOWN_MENU] ||
+				types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_MENU] ||
+				types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLTIP] ||
+				types[i] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NOTIFICATION]) {
+				should_float = True;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		XFree(types);
+	}
+
+	if (open_windows == MAX_CLIENTS) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "tilite: max clients reached, ignoring map request\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	int target_ws = get_workspace_for_window(w);
+	c = add_client(w, target_ws);
+	if (!c)
+		return;
+	set_wm_state(w, NormalState);
+
+	Window transient;
+	if (!should_float && XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &transient))
+		should_float = True;
+
+	XSizeHints size_hints;
+	long supplied_ret;
+
+	if (!should_float &&
+		XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, w, &size_hints, &supplied_ret) &&
+		(size_hints.flags & PMinSize) && (size_hints.flags & PMaxSize) &&
+		size_hints.min_width == size_hints.max_width &&
+		size_hints.min_height == size_hints.max_height) {
+
+		should_float = True;
+		c->fixed = True;
+	}
+
+	if (should_float || global_floating)
+		c->floating = True;
+
+	/* center floating windows & set border */
+	if (c->floating && !c->fullscreen) {
+		int w_ = MAX(c->w, 64), h_ = MAX(c->h, 64);
+		int x = (scr_width - w_) / 2, y = (scr_height - h_) / 2;
+		c->x = x;
+		c->y = y;
+		c->w = w_;
+		c->h = h_;
+		XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, w, x, y, w_, h_);
+		XSetWindowBorderWidth(dpy, w, user_config.border_width);
+	}
+
+	update_net_client_list();
+	if (target_ws != current_ws)
+		return;
+
+	/* map & borders */
+	if (!global_floating && !c->floating)
+		tile();
+	else if (c->floating)
+		XRaiseWindow(dpy, w);
+
+	if (window_has_ewmh_state(w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN])) {
+		c->fullscreen = True;
+		c->floating = False;
+	}
+
+	XMapWindow(dpy, w);
+	c->mapped = True;
+	if (c->fullscreen)
+		apply_fullscreen(c, True);
+	set_frame_extents(w);
+
+	if (user_config.new_win_focus) {
+		focused = c;
+		set_input_focus(focused, True, True);
+		return;
+	}
+	update_borders();
+}
+
+void hdl_motion(XEvent *xev) {
+	XMotionEvent *motion_ev = &xev->xmotion;
+
+	if ((drag_mode == DRAG_NONE || !drag_client) ||
+		(motion_ev->time - last_motion_time <=
+		 (1000 / (Time)user_config.motion_throttle)))
+		return;
+	last_motion_time = motion_ev->time;
+
+	if (drag_mode == DRAG_SWAP) {
+		Window root_ret, child;
+		int rx, ry, wx, wy;
+		unsigned int mask;
+		XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &root_ret, &child, &rx, &ry, &wx, &wy, &mask);
+
+		client_t *new_target = NULL;
+
+		for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+			if (c == drag_client || c->floating)
+				continue;
+			if (c->win == child) {
+				new_target = c;
+				break;
+			}
+			Window root_ret2, parent;
+			Window *children;
+			unsigned int n_children;
+			if (XQueryTree(dpy, child, &root_ret2, &parent, &children,
+						   &n_children)) {
+				if (children)
+					XFree(children);
+				if (parent == c->win) {
+					new_target = c;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (new_target != swap_target) {
+			if (swap_target) {
+				XSetWindowBorder(dpy, swap_target->win,
+								 (swap_target == focused
+									  ? user_config.border_foc_col
+									  : user_config.border_ufoc_col));
+			}
+			if (new_target)
+				XSetWindowBorder(dpy, new_target->win,
+								 user_config.border_swap_col);
+		}
+
+		swap_target = new_target;
+		return;
+	} else if (drag_mode == DRAG_MOVE) {
+		int dx = motion_ev->x_root - drag_start_x;
+		int dy = motion_ev->y_root - drag_start_y;
+		int nx = drag_orig_x + dx;
+		int ny = drag_orig_y + dy;
+
+		int outer_w = drag_client->w + 2 * user_config.border_width;
+		int outer_h = drag_client->h + 2 * user_config.border_width;
+
+		int rel_x = nx;
+		int rel_y = ny;
+
+		rel_x = snap_coordinate(rel_x, outer_w, scr_width,
+								user_config.snap_distance);
+		rel_y = snap_coordinate(rel_y, outer_h, scr_height,
+								user_config.snap_distance);
+
+		nx = rel_x;
+		ny = rel_y;
+
+		if (!drag_client->floating &&
+			(UDIST(nx, drag_client->x) > user_config.snap_distance ||
+			 UDIST(ny, drag_client->y) > user_config.snap_distance)) {
+			toggle_floating();
+		}
+
+		XMoveWindow(dpy, drag_client->win, nx, ny);
+		drag_client->x = nx;
+		drag_client->y = ny;
+	} else if (drag_mode == DRAG_RESIZE) {
+		int dx = motion_ev->x_root - drag_start_x;
+		int dy = motion_ev->y_root - drag_start_y;
+		int nw = drag_orig_w + dx;
+		int nh = drag_orig_h + dy;
+
+		int max_w = (scr_width - drag_client->x);
+		int max_h = (scr_height - drag_client->y);
+
+		drag_client->w = CLAMP(nw, MIN_WINDOW_SIZE, max_w);
+		drag_client->h = CLAMP(nh, MIN_WINDOW_SIZE, max_h);
+
+		XResizeWindow(dpy, drag_client->win, drag_client->w, drag_client->h);
+	}
+}
+
+void hdl_property_ntf(XEvent *xev) {
+	XPropertyEvent *property_ev = &xev->xproperty;
+
+	if (property_ev->window == root) {
+		if (property_ev->atom == atoms[ATOM_NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP]) {
+			long *val = NULL;
+			Atom actual;
+			int fmt;
+			unsigned long n;
+			unsigned long after;
+			if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP],
+								   0, 1, False, XA_CARDINAL, &actual, &fmt, &n,
+								   &after, (unsigned char **)&val) == Success &&
+				val) {
+				change_workspace((int)val[0]);
+				XFree(val);
+			}
+		} else if (property_ev->atom == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL]) {
+			update_struts();
+			tile();
+			update_borders();
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* client window properties */
+	if (property_ev->atom == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE]) {
+		client_t *c = find_client(find_toplevel(property_ev->window));
+		if (!c)
+			return;
+
+		Bool want =
+			window_has_ewmh_state(c->win, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN]);
+		if (want != c->fullscreen)
+			apply_fullscreen(c, want);
+	}
+}
+
+void hdl_unmap_ntf(XEvent *xev) {
+	if (!in_ws_switch) {
+		Window w = xev->xunmap.window;
+		for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+			if (c->win == w) {
+				c->mapped = False;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	update_net_client_list();
+	tile();
+	update_borders();
+}
+
+void inc_gaps(void) {
+	user_config.gaps++;
+	tile();
+	update_borders();
+}
+
+void init_defaults(void) {
+	user_config.modkey = Mod4Mask;
+	user_config.gaps = 10;
+	user_config.border_width = 1;
+	user_config.border_foc_col = parse_col("#c0cbff");
+	user_config.border_ufoc_col = parse_col("#555555");
+	user_config.border_swap_col = parse_col("#fff4c0");
+	user_config.move_window_amt = 10;
+	user_config.resize_window_amt = 10;
+
+	user_config.master_width = 50 / 100.0f;
+
+	user_config.motion_throttle = 60;
+	user_config.resize_master_amt = 5;
+	user_config.resize_stack_amt = 20;
+	user_config.snap_distance = 5;
+	user_config.n_binds = 0;
+	user_config.new_win_focus = True;
+	user_config.warp_cursor = True;
+	user_config.new_win_master = False;
+	user_config.floating_on_top = True;
+}
+
+Bool is_child_proc(pid_t parent_pid, pid_t child_pid) {
+	if (parent_pid <= 0 || child_pid <= 0)
+		return False;
+
+	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	FILE *f;
+	pid_t current_pid = child_pid;
+	int max_iterations = 20;
+
+	while (current_pid > 1 && max_iterations-- > 0) {
+		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/stat", current_pid);
+		f = fopen(path, "r");
+		if (!f) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "tilite: could not open %s\n", path);
+			return False;
+		}
+
+		int ppid = 0;
+		if (fscanf(f, "%*d %*s %*c %d", &ppid) != 1) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "tilite: failed to read ppid from %s\n", path);
+			fclose(f);
+			return False;
+		}
+		fclose(f);
+
+		if (ppid == parent_pid)
+			return True;
+
+		if (ppid <= 1) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+					"tilite: reached init/kernel, no relationship found\n");
+			break;
+		}
+		current_pid = ppid;
+	}
+	return False;
+}
+
+void move_master_next(void) {
+	if (!workspaces[current_ws] || !workspaces[current_ws]->next)
+		return;
+
+	client_t *first = workspaces[current_ws];
+	client_t *old_focused = focused;
+
+	workspaces[current_ws] = first->next;
+	first->next = NULL;
+
+	client_t *tail = workspaces[current_ws];
+	while (tail->next)
+		tail = tail->next;
+
+	tail->next = first;
+
+	tile();
+
+	if (user_config.warp_cursor && old_focused)
+		warp_cursor(old_focused);
+
+	if (old_focused)
+		send_wm_take_focus(old_focused->win);
+
+	update_borders();
+}
+
+void move_master_prev(void) {
+	if (!workspaces[current_ws] || !workspaces[current_ws]->next)
+		return;
+
+	client_t *prev = NULL;
+	client_t *cur = workspaces[current_ws];
+	client_t *old_focused = focused;
+
+	while (cur->next) {
+		prev = cur;
+		cur = cur->next;
+	}
+
+	if (prev)
+		prev->next = NULL;
+
+	cur->next = workspaces[current_ws];
+	workspaces[current_ws] = cur;
+
+	tile();
+	if (user_config.warp_cursor && old_focused)
+		warp_cursor(old_focused);
+	if (old_focused)
+		send_wm_take_focus(old_focused->win);
+
+	update_borders();
+}
+
+void move_to_workspace(int ws) {
+	if (!focused || ws >= NUM_WORKSPACES || ws == current_ws)
+		return;
+
+	client_t *moved = focused;
+	int from_ws = current_ws;
+
+	XUnmapWindow(dpy, moved->win);
+
+	/* remove from current list */
+	client_t **pp = &workspaces[from_ws];
+	while (*pp && *pp != moved)
+		pp = &(*pp)->next;
+
+	if (*pp)
+		*pp = moved->next;
+
+	/* push to target list */
+	moved->next = workspaces[ws];
+	workspaces[ws] = moved;
+	moved->ws = ws;
+	long desktop = ws;
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, moved->win, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_DESKTOP], XA_CARDINAL,
+					32, PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&desktop, 1);
+
+	/* remember it as last-focused for the target workspace */
+	ws_focused[ws] = moved;
+
+	/* retile current workspace and pick a new focus there */
+	tile();
+	focused = workspaces[from_ws];
+	if (focused)
+		set_input_focus(focused, False, False);
+	else
+		set_input_focus(NULL, False, False);
+}
+
+void move_win_down(void) {
+	if (!focused || !focused->floating)
+		return;
+
+	focused->y += user_config.move_window_amt;
+	XMoveWindow(dpy, focused->win, focused->x, focused->y);
+}
+
+void move_win_left(void) {
+	if (!focused || !focused->floating)
+		return;
+
+	focused->x -= user_config.move_window_amt;
+	XMoveWindow(dpy, focused->win, focused->x, focused->y);
+}
+
+void move_win_right(void) {
+	if (!focused || !focused->floating)
+		return;
+	focused->x += user_config.move_window_amt;
+	XMoveWindow(dpy, focused->win, focused->x, focused->y);
+}
+
+void move_win_up(void) {
+	if (!focused || !focused->floating)
+		return;
+
+	focused->y -= user_config.move_window_amt;
+	XMoveWindow(dpy, focused->win, focused->x, focused->y);
+}
+
+void other_wm(void) {
+	XSetErrorHandler(other_wm_err);
+	XChangeWindowAttributes(
+		dpy, root, CWEventMask,
+		&(XSetWindowAttributes){.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask});
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+	XSetErrorHandler(xerr);
+	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask,
+							&(XSetWindowAttributes){.event_mask = 0});
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+}
+
+int other_wm_err(Display *d, XErrorEvent *ee) {
+	fprintf(stderr,
+			"can't start because another window manager is already running");
+	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	return 0;
+	(void)d;
+	(void)ee;
+}
+
+long parse_col(const char *hex) {
+	XColor col;
+	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, DefaultScreen(dpy));
+
+	if (!XParseColor(dpy, cmap, hex, &col)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "tilite: cannot parse color %s\n", hex);
+		return WhitePixel(dpy, DefaultScreen(dpy));
+	}
+
+	if (!XAllocColor(dpy, cmap, &col)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "tilite: cannot allocate color %s\n", hex);
+		return WhitePixel(dpy, DefaultScreen(dpy));
+	}
+
+	/* possibly unsafe BUT i dont think it can cause any problems.
+	 * used to make sure borders are opaque with compositor like picom */
+	return ((long)col.pixel) | (0xffL << 24);
+}
+
+void quit(void) {
+	/* Kill all clients on exit...
+
+	for (int ws = 0; ws < NUM_WORKSPACES; ws++) {
+		for (Client *c = workspaces[ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+			XUnmapWindow(dpy, c->win);
+			XKillClient(dpy, c->win);
+		}
+	}
+	*/
+
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor_move);
+	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor_normal);
+	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor_resize);
+	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
+	puts("quitting...");
+	running = False;
+}
+
+void resize_master_add(void) {
+	float *mw = &user_config.master_width;
+
+	if (*mw < MF_MAX - 0.001f)
+		*mw += ((float)user_config.resize_master_amt / 100);
+
+	tile();
+	update_borders();
+}
+
+void resize_master_sub(void) {
+	float *mw = &user_config.master_width;
+
+	if (*mw > MF_MIN + 0.001f)
+		*mw -= ((float)user_config.resize_master_amt / 100);
+
+	tile();
+	update_borders();
+}
+
+void resize_stack_add(void) {
+	if (!focused || focused->floating || focused == workspaces[current_ws])
+		return;
+
+	int bw2 = 2 * user_config.border_width;
+	int raw_cur = (focused->custom_stack_height > 0)
+					  ? focused->custom_stack_height
+					  : (focused->h + bw2);
+
+	int raw_new = raw_cur + user_config.resize_stack_amt;
+
+	/* Calculate maximum allowed height to prevent extending off-screen */
+	int gaps = user_config.gaps;
+	int tile_height = MAX(1, scr_height - 2 * gaps);
+
+	/* Count stack windows (excluding master) */
+	int n_stack = 0;
+	for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+		if (c->mapped && !c->floating && !c->fullscreen &&
+			c != workspaces[current_ws])
+			n_stack++;
+	}
+
+	/* Maximum height: tile_height minus space for other stack windows
+	 * (min_height + gap each) */
+	int min_stack_height = bw2 + 1;
+	int other_stack_space =
+		(n_stack > 1) ? (n_stack - 1) * (min_stack_height + gaps) : 0;
+	int max_raw = tile_height - other_stack_space;
+
+	if (raw_new > max_raw)
+		raw_new = max_raw;
+
+	focused->custom_stack_height = raw_new;
+	tile();
+}
+
+void resize_stack_sub(void) {
+	if (!focused || focused->floating || focused == workspaces[current_ws])
+		return;
+
+	int bw2 = 2 * user_config.border_width;
+	int raw_cur = (focused->custom_stack_height > 0)
+					  ? focused->custom_stack_height
+					  : (focused->h + bw2);
+
+	int raw_new = raw_cur - user_config.resize_stack_amt;
+	int min_raw = bw2 + 1;
+
+	if (raw_new < min_raw)
+		raw_new = min_raw;
+
+	focused->custom_stack_height = raw_new;
+	tile();
+}
+
+void resize_win_down(void) {
+	if (!focused || !focused->floating)
+		return;
+
+	int new_h = focused->h + user_config.resize_window_amt;
+	int max_h = scr_height - focused->y;
+	focused->h = CLAMP(new_h, MIN_WINDOW_SIZE, max_h);
+	XResizeWindow(dpy, focused->win, focused->w, focused->h);
+}
+
+void resize_win_up(void) {
+	if (!focused || !focused->floating)
+		return;
+
+	int new_h = focused->h - user_config.resize_window_amt;
+	focused->h = CLAMP(new_h, MIN_WINDOW_SIZE, focused->h);
+	XResizeWindow(dpy, focused->win, focused->w, focused->h);
+}
+
+void resize_win_right(void) {
+	if (!focused || !focused->floating)
+		return;
+
+	int new_w = focused->w + user_config.resize_window_amt;
+	int max_w = scr_width - focused->x;
+	focused->w = CLAMP(new_w, MIN_WINDOW_SIZE, max_w);
+	XResizeWindow(dpy, focused->win, focused->w, focused->h);
+}
+
+void resize_win_left(void) {
+	if (!focused || !focused->floating)
+		return;
+
+	int new_w = focused->w - user_config.resize_window_amt;
+	focused->w = CLAMP(new_w, MIN_WINDOW_SIZE, focused->w);
+	XResizeWindow(dpy, focused->win, focused->w, focused->h);
+}
+
+void run(void) {
+	running = True;
+	XEvent xev;
+	while (running) {
+		XNextEvent(dpy, &xev);
+		xev_case(&xev);
+	}
+}
+
+void scan_existing_windows(void) {
+	Window root_return;
+	Window parent_return;
+	Window *children;
+	unsigned int n_children;
+
+	if (XQueryTree(dpy, root, &root_return, &parent_return, &children,
+				   &n_children)) {
+		for (unsigned int i = 0; i < n_children; i++) {
+			XWindowAttributes wa;
+			if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, children[i], &wa) ||
+				wa.override_redirect || wa.map_state != IsViewable)
+				continue;
+
+			XEvent fake_event = {None};
+			fake_event.type = MapRequest;
+			fake_event.xmaprequest.window = children[i];
+			hdl_map_req(&fake_event);
+		}
+		if (children)
+			XFree(children);
+	}
+}
+
+void select_input(Window w, Mask masks) { XSelectInput(dpy, w, masks); }
+
+void send_wm_take_focus(Window w) {
+	Atom wm_protocols = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
+	Atom wm_take_focus = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_TAKE_FOCUS", False);
+	Atom *protos;
+	int n;
+
+	if (XGetWMProtocols(dpy, w, &protos, &n)) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+			if (protos[i] == wm_take_focus) {
+				XEvent ev = {.xclient = {.type = ClientMessage,
+										 .window = w,
+										 .message_type = wm_protocols,
+										 .format = 32}};
+				ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wm_take_focus;
+				ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
+				XSendEvent(dpy, w, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
+			}
+		}
+		XFree(protos);
+	}
+}
+
+void setup(void) {
+	if ((dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)) == NULL) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "can't open display.\nquitting...");
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+	root = XDefaultRootWindow(dpy);
+
+	setup_atoms();
+	other_wm();
+	init_defaults();
+	load_config();
+	update_modifier_masks();
+	grab_keys();
+
+	cursor_normal = XcursorLibraryLoadCursor(dpy, "left_ptr");
+	cursor_move = XcursorLibraryLoadCursor(dpy, "fleur");
+	cursor_resize = XcursorLibraryLoadCursor(dpy, "bottom_right_corner");
+	XDefineCursor(dpy, root, cursor_normal);
+
+	scr_width = XDisplayWidth(dpy, DefaultScreen(dpy));
+	scr_height = XDisplayHeight(dpy, DefaultScreen(dpy));
+
+	/* select events wm should look for on root */
+	Mask wm_masks = StructureNotifyMask | SubstructureRedirectMask |
+					SubstructureNotifyMask | KeyPressMask | PropertyChangeMask;
+	select_input(root, wm_masks);
+
+	/* grab mouse button events on root window */
+	Mask root_click_masks =
+		ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask | PointerMotionMask;
+	Mask root_swap_masks =
+		ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask | PointerMotionMask;
+	Mask root_resize_masks =
+		ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask | PointerMotionMask;
+	grab_button(Button1, user_config.modkey, root, True, root_click_masks);
+	grab_button(Button1, user_config.modkey | ShiftMask, root, True,
+				root_swap_masks);
+	grab_button(Button3, user_config.modkey, root, True, root_resize_masks);
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < LASTEvent; i++)
+		evtable[i] = hdl_dummy;
+	evtable[ButtonPress] = hdl_button;
+	evtable[ButtonRelease] = hdl_button_release;
+	evtable[ClientMessage] = hdl_client_msg;
+	evtable[ConfigureNotify] = hdl_config_ntf;
+	evtable[ConfigureRequest] = hdl_config_req;
+	evtable[DestroyNotify] = hdl_destroy_ntf;
+	evtable[KeyPress] = hdl_keypress;
+	evtable[MappingNotify] = hdl_mapping_ntf;
+	evtable[MapRequest] = hdl_map_req;
+	evtable[MotionNotify] = hdl_motion;
+	evtable[PropertyNotify] = hdl_property_ntf;
+	evtable[UnmapNotify] = hdl_unmap_ntf;
+	scan_existing_windows();
+
+	/* prevent child processes from becoming zombies */
+	signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN);
+}
+
+void setup_atoms(void) {
+	for (int i = 0; i < ATOM_COUNT; i++)
+		atoms[i] = XInternAtom(dpy, atom_names[i], False);
+
+	/* checking window */
+	wm_check_win = XCreateSimpleWindow(dpy, root, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+	/* root property -> child window */
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK], XA_WINDOW,
+					32, PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&wm_check_win, 1);
+	/* child window -> child window */
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, wm_check_win, atoms[ATOM_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK],
+					XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeReplace,
+					(unsigned char *)&wm_check_win, 1);
+	/* name the wm */
+	const char *wmname = "tilite";
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, wm_check_win, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_NAME],
+					atoms[ATOM_UTF8_STRING], 8, PropModeReplace,
+					(const unsigned char *)wmname, strlen(wmname));
+
+	/* workspace setup */
+	long num_workspaces = NUM_WORKSPACES;
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_NUMBER_OF_DESKTOPS], XA_CARDINAL,
+					32, PropModeReplace, (const unsigned char *)&num_workspaces,
+					1);
+
+	const char workspace_names[] = WORKSPACE_NAMES;
+	int names_len = sizeof(workspace_names);
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_DESKTOP_NAMES],
+					atoms[ATOM_UTF8_STRING], 8, PropModeReplace,
+					(const unsigned char *)workspace_names, names_len);
+
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP], XA_CARDINAL, 32,
+					PropModeReplace, (const unsigned char *)&current_ws, 1);
+
+	/* load supported list */
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_SUPPORTED], XA_ATOM, 32,
+					PropModeReplace, (const unsigned char *)atoms, ATOM_COUNT);
+
+	update_workarea();
+}
+
+void set_frame_extents(Window w) {
+	long extents[4] = {user_config.border_width, user_config.border_width,
+					   user_config.border_width, user_config.border_width};
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_FRAME_EXTENTS], XA_CARDINAL, 32,
+					PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)extents, 4);
+}
+
+void set_input_focus(client_t *c, Bool raise_win, Bool warp) {
+	if (c && c->mapped) {
+		focused = c;
+
+		/* update remembered focus */
+		if (c->ws >= 0 && c->ws < NUM_WORKSPACES)
+			ws_focused[c->ws] = c;
+
+		Window w = find_toplevel(c->win);
+
+		XSetInputFocus(dpy, w, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
+		send_wm_take_focus(w);
+
+		if (raise_win) {
+			/* always raise in monocle, otherwise respect floating_on_top */
+			if (monocle || c->floating || !user_config.floating_on_top)
+				XRaiseWindow(dpy, w);
+		}
+		/* EWMH focus hint */
+		XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW], XA_WINDOW, 32,
+						PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&w, 1);
+
+		update_borders();
+
+		if (warp && user_config.warp_cursor)
+			warp_cursor(c);
+	} else {
+		/* no client */
+		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
+		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW]);
+
+		focused = NULL;
+		ws_focused[current_ws] = NULL;
+		update_borders();
+	}
+
+	XFlush(dpy);
+}
+
+void reset_opacity(Window w) {
+	Atom atom = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY", False);
+	XDeleteProperty(dpy, w, atom);
+}
+
+void set_opacity(Window w, double opacity) {
+	if (opacity < 0.0)
+		opacity = 0.0;
+
+	if (opacity > 1.0)
+		opacity = 1.0;
+
+	unsigned long op = (unsigned long)(opacity * 0xFFFFFFFFu);
+	Atom atom = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_OPACITY", False);
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, w, atom, XA_CARDINAL, 32, PropModeReplace,
+					(unsigned char *)&op, 1);
+}
+
+void set_wm_state(Window w, long state) {
+	long data[2] = {state, None}; /* state, icon window */
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_WM_STATE], atoms[ATOM_WM_STATE], 32,
+					PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
+}
+
+int snap_coordinate(int pos, int size, int screen_size, int snap_dist) {
+	if (UDIST(pos, 0) <= snap_dist)
+		return 0;
+	if (UDIST(pos + size, screen_size) <= snap_dist)
+		return screen_size - size;
+	return pos;
+}
+
+void spawn(const char *const *argv) {
+	int argc = 0;
+	while (argv[argc])
+		argc++;
+
+	int cmd_count = 1;
+	for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (strcmp(argv[i], "|") == 0)
+			cmd_count++;
+	}
+
+	const char ***commands = malloc(cmd_count * sizeof(char **)); /* *** bruh */
+	if (!commands) {
+		perror("malloc commands");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* initialize all command pointers to NULL for safe cleanup */
+	for (int i = 0; i < cmd_count; i++)
+		commands[i] = NULL;
+
+	int cmd_idx = 0;
+	int arg_start = 0;
+	for (int i = 0; i <= argc; i++) {
+		if (!argv[i] || strcmp(argv[i], "|") == 0) {
+			int len = i - arg_start;
+			const char **cmd_args = malloc((len + 1) * sizeof(char *));
+
+			if (!cmd_args) {
+				perror("malloc cmd_args");
+
+				for (int j = 0; j < cmd_idx; j++)
+					free(commands[j]);
+
+				free(commands);
+				return;
+			}
+
+			for (int j = 0; j < len; j++)
+				cmd_args[j] = argv[arg_start + j];
+
+			cmd_args[len] = NULL;
+			commands[cmd_idx++] = cmd_args;
+			arg_start = i + 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	int (*pipes)[2] = malloc(sizeof(int[2]) * (cmd_count - 1));
+	if (!pipes) {
+		perror("malloc pipes");
+
+		for (int j = 0; j < cmd_count; j++)
+			free(commands[j]);
+
+		free(commands);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < cmd_count - 1; i++) {
+		if (pipe(pipes[i]) == -1) {
+			perror("pipe");
+
+			for (int j = 0; j < cmd_count; j++)
+				free(commands[j]);
+
+			free(commands);
+			free(pipes);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < cmd_count; i++) {
+		if (!commands[i] || !commands[i][0])
+			continue;
+
+		pid_t pid = fork();
+		if (pid < 0) {
+			perror("fork");
+
+			for (int k = 0; k < cmd_count - 1; k++) {
+				close(pipes[k][0]);
+				close(pipes[k][1]);
+			}
+
+			for (int j = 0; j < cmd_count; j++)
+				free(commands[j]);
+
+			free(commands);
+			free(pipes);
+			return;
+		}
+		if (pid == 0) {
+			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
+
+			if (i > 0)
+				dup2(pipes[i - 1][0], STDIN_FILENO);
+
+			if (i < cmd_count - 1)
+				dup2(pipes[i][1], STDOUT_FILENO);
+
+			for (int k = 0; k < cmd_count - 1; k++) {
+				close(pipes[k][0]);
+				close(pipes[k][1]);
+			}
+
+			execvp(commands[i][0], (char *const *)(void *)commands[i]);
+			fprintf(stderr, "tilite: execvp '%s' failed\n", commands[i][0]);
+			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < cmd_count - 1; i++) {
+		close(pipes[i][0]);
+		close(pipes[i][1]);
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < cmd_count; i++)
+		free(commands[i]);
+
+	free(commands);
+	free(pipes);
+}
+
+void swap_clients(client_t *a, client_t *b) {
+	if (!a || !b || a == b)
+		return;
+
+	client_t **head = &workspaces[current_ws];
+	client_t **pa = head, **pb = head;
+
+	while (*pa && *pa != a)
+		pa = &(*pa)->next;
+
+	while (*pb && *pb != b)
+		pb = &(*pb)->next;
+
+	if (!*pa || !*pb)
+		return;
+
+	/* if next to it swap */
+	if (*pa == b && *pb == a) {
+		client_t *tmp = b->next;
+		b->next = a;
+		a->next = tmp;
+		*pa = b;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* full swap */
+	client_t *ta = *pa;
+	client_t *tb = *pb;
+	client_t *ta_next = ta->next;
+	client_t *tb_next = tb->next;
+
+	*pa = tb;
+	tb->next = ta_next == tb ? ta : ta_next;
+
+	*pb = ta;
+	ta->next = tb_next == ta ? tb : tb_next;
+}
+
+void tile(void) {
+	update_struts();
+	client_t *head = workspaces[current_ws];
+	int total = 0;
+
+	for (client_t *c = head; c; c = c->next) {
+		if (c->mapped && !c->floating && !c->fullscreen)
+			total++;
+	}
+
+	if (total == 0)
+		return;
+
+	if (monocle) {
+		for (client_t *c = head; c; c = c->next) {
+			if (!c->mapped || c->floating || c->fullscreen)
+				continue;
+
+			int border_width = user_config.border_width;
+			int gaps = user_config.gaps;
+
+			int x = reserve_left + gaps;
+			int y = reserve_top + gaps;
+			int w = scr_width - reserve_left - reserve_right - 2 * gaps;
+			int h = scr_height - reserve_top - reserve_bottom - 2 * gaps;
+
+			XWindowChanges wc = {.x = x,
+								 .y = y,
+								 .width = MAX(1, w - 2 * border_width),
+								 .height = MAX(1, h - 2 * border_width),
+								 .border_width = border_width};
+			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
+							 CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth,
+							 &wc);
+
+			c->x = wc.x;
+			c->y = wc.y;
+			c->w = wc.width;
+			c->h = wc.height;
+		}
+
+		if (focused && focused->mapped && !focused->floating &&
+			!focused->fullscreen)
+			XRaiseWindow(dpy, focused->win);
+
+		update_borders();
+		return;
+	}
+
+	int mon_x = reserve_left;
+	int mon_y = reserve_top;
+	int mon_width = MAX(1, scr_width - reserve_left - reserve_right);
+	int mon_height = MAX(1, scr_height - reserve_top - reserve_bottom);
+
+	client_t *tileable[MAX_CLIENTS] = {0};
+	int n_tileable = 0;
+	for (client_t *c = head; c && n_tileable < MAX_CLIENTS; c = c->next) {
+		if (c->mapped && !c->floating && !c->fullscreen)
+			tileable[n_tileable++] = c;
+	}
+
+	if (n_tileable == 0)
+		return;
+
+	int gaps = user_config.gaps;
+	int tile_x = mon_x + gaps;
+	int tile_y = mon_y + gaps;
+	int tile_width = MAX(1, mon_width - 2 * gaps);
+	int tile_height = MAX(1, mon_height - 2 * gaps);
+	float master_frac = CLAMP(user_config.master_width, MF_MIN, MF_MAX);
+	int master_width =
+		(n_tileable > 1) ? (int)(tile_width * master_frac) : tile_width;
+	int stack_width = (n_tileable > 1) ? (tile_width - master_width - gaps) : 0;
+
+	{
+		client_t *c = tileable[0];
+		int border_width = 2 * user_config.border_width;
+		XWindowChanges wc = {.x = tile_x,
+							 .y = tile_y,
+							 .width = MAX(1, master_width - border_width),
+							 .height = MAX(1, tile_height - border_width),
+							 .border_width = user_config.border_width};
+
+		Bool geom_differ = c->x != wc.x || c->y != wc.y || c->w != wc.width ||
+						   c->h != wc.height;
+		if (geom_differ)
+			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
+							 CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth,
+							 &wc);
+
+		c->x = wc.x;
+		c->y = wc.y;
+		c->w = wc.width;
+		c->h = wc.height;
+	}
+
+	if (n_tileable == 1) {
+		update_borders();
+		return;
+	}
+
+	int border_width = 2 * user_config.border_width;
+	int n_stack = n_tileable - 1;
+	int min_stack_height = border_width + 1;
+	int total_fixed_heights = 0;
+	int n_auto = 0; /* automatically take up leftover space */
+	int heights_final[MAX_CLIENTS] = {0};
+
+	for (int i = 1; i < n_tileable; i++) { /* i=1 - we are excluding master */
+		if (tileable[i]->custom_stack_height > 0)
+			total_fixed_heights += tileable[i]->custom_stack_height;
+		else
+			n_auto++;
+	}
+
+	int total_vgaps = (n_stack - 1) * gaps;
+	int remaining = tile_height - total_fixed_heights - total_vgaps;
+
+	if (n_auto > 0 && remaining >= n_auto * min_stack_height) {
+		int used = 0;
+		int count = 0;
+		int auto_height = remaining / n_auto;
+
+		for (int i = 1; i < n_tileable; i++) {
+			if (tileable[i]->custom_stack_height > 0) {
+				heights_final[i] = tileable[i]->custom_stack_height;
+			} else {
+				count++;
+				heights_final[i] =
+					(count < n_auto) ? auto_height : remaining - used;
+				used += auto_height;
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		for (int i = 1; i < n_tileable; i++) {
+			if (tileable[i]->custom_stack_height > 0)
+				heights_final[i] = tileable[i]->custom_stack_height;
+			else
+				heights_final[i] = min_stack_height;
+		}
+	}
+
+	int total_height = total_vgaps;
+	for (int i = 1; i < n_tileable; i++)
+		total_height += heights_final[i];
+
+	int overfill = total_height - tile_height;
+	if (overfill > 0) {
+		/* shrink from top down, excluding bottom */
+		for (int i = 1; i < n_tileable - 1 && overfill > 0; i++) {
+			int shrink = MIN(overfill, heights_final[i] - min_stack_height);
+			heights_final[i] -= shrink;
+			overfill -= shrink;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* if its not perfectly filled stretch bottom to absorb remainder */
+	int actual_height = total_vgaps;
+	for (int i = 1; i < n_tileable; i++)
+		actual_height += heights_final[i];
+
+	int shortfall = tile_height - actual_height;
+	if (shortfall > 0)
+		heights_final[n_tileable - 1] += shortfall;
+
+	int stack_y = tile_y;
+	for (int i = 1; i < n_tileable; i++) {
+		client_t *c = tileable[i];
+		XWindowChanges wc = {
+			.x = tile_x + master_width + gaps,
+			.y = stack_y,
+			.width = MAX(1, stack_width - (2 * user_config.border_width)),
+			.height = MAX(1, heights_final[i] - (2 * user_config.border_width)),
+			.border_width = user_config.border_width};
+
+		Bool geom_differ = c->x != wc.x || c->y != wc.y || c->w != wc.width ||
+						   c->h != wc.height;
+		if (geom_differ)
+			XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
+							 CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth,
+							 &wc);
+
+		c->x = wc.x;
+		c->y = wc.y;
+		c->w = wc.width;
+		c->h = wc.height;
+
+		stack_y += heights_final[i] + gaps;
+	}
+	update_borders();
+}
+
+void toggle_floating(void) {
+	if (!focused)
+		return;
+
+	if (focused->fullscreen) {
+		focused->fullscreen = False;
+		tile();
+		XSetWindowBorderWidth(dpy, focused->win, user_config.border_width);
+	}
+
+	focused->floating = !focused->floating;
+
+	if (focused->floating) {
+		XWindowAttributes wa;
+		if (XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, focused->win, &wa)) {
+			focused->x = wa.x;
+			focused->y = wa.y;
+			focused->w = wa.width;
+			focused->h = wa.height;
+
+			XConfigureWindow(dpy, focused->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight,
+							 &(XWindowChanges){.x = focused->x,
+											   .y = focused->y,
+											   .width = focused->w,
+											   .height = focused->h});
+		}
+	}
+	tile();
+	update_borders();
+
+	/* raise and refocus floating window */
+	if (focused->floating)
+		set_input_focus(focused, True, False);
+}
+
+void toggle_floating_global(void) {
+	global_floating = !global_floating;
+	Bool any_tiled = False;
+	for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+		if (!c->floating) {
+			any_tiled = True;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+		c->floating = any_tiled;
+		if (c->floating) {
+			XWindowAttributes wa;
+			XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, c->win, &wa);
+			c->x = wa.x;
+			c->y = wa.y;
+			c->w = wa.width;
+			c->h = wa.height;
+
+			XConfigureWindow(
+				dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight,
+				&(XWindowChanges){
+					.x = c->x, .y = c->y, .width = c->w, .height = c->h});
+			XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
+		}
+	}
+
+	tile();
+	update_borders();
+}
+
+void toggle_fullscreen(void) {
+	if (!focused)
+		return;
+
+	apply_fullscreen(focused, !focused->fullscreen);
+}
+
+void toggle_monocle(void) {
+	monocle = !monocle;
+	tile();
+	update_borders();
+	if (focused)
+		set_input_focus(focused, True, True);
+}
+
+void update_borders(void) {
+	for (client_t *c = workspaces[current_ws]; c; c = c->next)
+		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win,
+						 (c == focused ? user_config.border_foc_col
+									   : user_config.border_ufoc_col));
+
+	if (focused) {
+		Window w = focused->win;
+		XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW], XA_WINDOW, 32,
+						PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)&w, 1);
+	}
+}
+
+void update_client_desktop_properties(void) {
+	for (int ws = 0; ws < NUM_WORKSPACES; ws++) {
+		for (client_t *c = workspaces[ws]; c; c = c->next) {
+			long desktop = ws;
+			XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_DESKTOP],
+							XA_CARDINAL, 32, PropModeReplace,
+							(unsigned char *)&desktop, 1);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void update_modifier_masks(void) {
+	XModifierKeymap *mod_mapping = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
+	KeyCode num = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock);
+	KeyCode mode = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Mode_switch);
+	numlock_mask = 0;
+	mode_switch_mask = 0;
+
+	int n_masks = 8;
+	for (int i = 0; i < n_masks; i++) {
+		for (int j = 0; j < mod_mapping->max_keypermod; j++) {
+			/* keycode at mod[i][j] */
+			KeyCode keycode =
+				mod_mapping->modifiermap[i * mod_mapping->max_keypermod + j];
+			if (keycode == num)
+				numlock_mask = (1u << i); /* which mod bit == NumLock key */
+			if (keycode == mode)
+				mode_switch_mask =
+					(1u << i); /* which mod bit == Mode_switch key */
+		}
+	}
+	XFreeModifiermap(mod_mapping);
+}
+
+void update_net_client_list(void) {
+	Window wins[MAX_CLIENTS];
+	int n = 0;
+	for (int ws = 0; ws < NUM_WORKSPACES; ws++)
+		for (client_t *c = workspaces[ws]; c; c = c->next)
+			wins[n++] = c->win;
+
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_CLIENT_LIST], XA_WINDOW, 32,
+					PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)wins, n);
+}
+
+void update_struts(void) {
+	reserve_left = 0;
+	reserve_right = 0;
+	reserve_top = 0;
+	reserve_bottom = 0;
+
+	Window root_ret;
+	Window parent_ret;
+	Window *children = NULL;
+	unsigned int n_children = 0;
+
+	if (!XQueryTree(dpy, root, &root_ret, &parent_ret, &children, &n_children))
+		return;
+
+	int screen_w = scr_width;
+	int screen_h = scr_height;
+
+	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < n_children; i++) {
+		Window w = children[i];
+
+		Atom actual_type;
+		int actual_format;
+		unsigned long n_items, bytes_after;
+		Atom *types = NULL;
+
+		if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE], 0, 4,
+							   False, XA_ATOM, &actual_type, &actual_format,
+							   &n_items, &bytes_after,
+							   (unsigned char **)&types) != Success ||
+			!types)
+			continue;
+
+		Bool is_dock = False;
+		for (unsigned long j = 0; j < n_items; j++) {
+			if (types[j] == atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK]) {
+				is_dock = True;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		XFree(types);
+		if (!is_dock)
+			continue;
+
+		long *str = NULL;
+		Atom actual;
+		int sfmt;
+		unsigned long len;
+		unsigned long rem;
+
+		if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL], 0, 12,
+							   False, XA_CARDINAL, &actual, &sfmt, &len, &rem,
+							   (unsigned char **)&str) == Success &&
+			str && len >= 12) {
+
+			/*
+			 ewmh:
+			 [0] left, [1] right, [2] top, [3] bottom
+
+			 [4] left_start_y,   [5] left_end_y
+			 [6] right_start_y,  [7] right_end_y
+			 [8] top_start_x,    [9] top_end_x
+			 [10] bottom_start_x,[11] bottom_end_x
+
+			 all coords are in root space.
+			 */
+			long left = str[0];
+			long right = str[1];
+			long top = str[2];
+			long bottom = str[3];
+			long left_start_y = str[4];
+			long left_end_y = str[5];
+			long right_start_y = str[6];
+			long right_end_y = str[7];
+			long top_start_x = str[8];
+			long top_end_x = str[9];
+			long bot_start_x = str[10];
+			long bot_end_x = str[11];
+
+			XFree(str);
+
+			/* skip empty struts */
+			if (!left && !right && !top && !bottom)
+				continue;
+
+			if (left > 0) {
+				long span_start = left_start_y;
+				long span_end = left_end_y;
+				if (span_end >= 0 && span_start <= scr_height - 1) {
+					int reserve = (int)MAX(0, left);
+					if (reserve > 0)
+						reserve_left = MAX(reserve_left, reserve);
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (right > 0) {
+				long span_start = right_start_y;
+				long span_end = right_end_y;
+				if (span_end >= 0 && span_start <= scr_height - 1) {
+					int global_reserved_left = screen_w - (int)right;
+					int overlap = scr_width - global_reserved_left;
+					int reserve = MAX(0, overlap);
+					if (reserve > 0)
+						reserve_right = MAX(reserve_right, reserve);
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (top > 0) {
+				long span_start = top_start_x;
+				long span_end = top_end_x;
+				if (span_end >= 0 && span_start <= scr_width - 1) {
+					int reserve = (int)MAX(0, top);
+					if (reserve > 0)
+						reserve_top = MAX(reserve_top, reserve);
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (bottom > 0) {
+				long span_start = bot_start_x;
+				long span_end = bot_end_x;
+				if (span_end >= 0 && span_start <= scr_width - 1) {
+					int global_reserved_top = screen_h - (int)bottom;
+					int overlap = scr_height - global_reserved_top;
+					int reserve = MAX(0, overlap);
+					if (reserve > 0)
+						reserve_bottom = MAX(reserve_bottom, reserve);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (children)
+		XFree(children);
+
+	update_workarea();
+}
+
+void update_workarea(void) {
+	long workarea[4];
+
+	workarea[0] = reserve_left;
+	workarea[1] = reserve_top;
+	workarea[2] = scr_width - reserve_left - reserve_right;
+	workarea[3] = scr_height - reserve_top - reserve_bottom;
+
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, atoms[ATOM_NET_WORKAREA], XA_CARDINAL, 32,
+					PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)workarea, 4);
+}
+
+void warp_cursor(client_t *c) {
+	if (!c)
+		return;
+
+	int center_x = c->x + (c->w / 2);
+	int center_y = c->y + (c->h / 2);
+
+	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, root, 0, 0, 0, 0, center_x, center_y);
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+}
+
+Bool window_has_ewmh_state(Window w, Atom state) {
+	Atom type;
+	int format;
+	unsigned long n_atoms = 0;
+	unsigned long unread = 0;
+	Atom *found_atoms = NULL;
+
+	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE], 0, 1024, False,
+						   XA_ATOM, &type, &format, &n_atoms, &unread,
+						   (unsigned char **)&found_atoms) == Success &&
+		found_atoms) {
+
+		for (unsigned long i = 0; i < n_atoms; i++) {
+			if (found_atoms[i] == state) {
+				XFree(found_atoms);
+				return True;
+			}
+		}
+		XFree(found_atoms);
+	}
+	return False;
+}
+
+void window_set_ewmh_state(Window w, Atom state, Bool add) {
+	Atom type;
+	int format;
+	unsigned long n_atoms = 0;
+	unsigned long unread = 0;
+	Atom *found_atoms = NULL;
+
+	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE], 0, 1024, False,
+						   XA_ATOM, &type, &format, &n_atoms, &unread,
+						   (unsigned char **)&found_atoms) != Success) {
+		found_atoms = NULL;
+		n_atoms = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* build new list */
+	Atom buf[16];
+	Atom *list = buf;
+	unsigned long list_len = 0;
+
+	if (found_atoms) {
+		for (unsigned long i = 0; i < n_atoms; i++) {
+			if (found_atoms[i] != state)
+				list[list_len++] = found_atoms[i];
+		}
+	}
+	if (add && list_len < 16)
+		list[list_len++] = state;
+
+	if (list_len == 0)
+		XDeleteProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE]);
+	else
+		XChangeProperty(dpy, w, atoms[ATOM_NET_WM_STATE], XA_ATOM, 32,
+						PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)list, list_len);
+
+	if (found_atoms)
+		XFree(found_atoms);
+}
+
+int xerr(Display *d, XErrorEvent *ee) {
+	/* ignore noise & non fatal errors */
+	const struct {
+		int req, code;
+	} ignore[] = {
+		{0, BadWindow},
+		{X_GetGeometry, BadDrawable},
+		{X_SetInputFocus, BadMatch},
+		{X_ConfigureWindow, BadMatch},
+	};
+
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(ignore) / sizeof(ignore[0]); i++) {
+		if ((ignore[i].req == 0 || ignore[i].req == ee->request_code) &&
+			(ignore[i].code == ee->error_code))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+	(void)d;
+	(void)ee;
+}
+
+void xev_case(XEvent *xev) {
+	if (xev->type >= 0 && xev->type < LASTEvent)
+		evtable[xev->type](xev);
+	else
+		fprintf(stderr, "tilite: invalid event type: %d\n", xev->type);
+}
+
+int main(int ac, char **av) {
+	if (ac > 1) {
+		if (strcmp(av[1], "-v") == 0 || strcmp(av[1], "--version") == 0) {
+			printf("%s\n%s\n%s\n", VERSION, AUTHOR, LICENSE);
+			return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+		} else {
+			printf("usage:\n");
+			printf("\t[-v || --version]: See the version of tilite\n");
+			return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+		}
+	}
+	setup();
+	puts("tilite: starting...");
+	run();
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}